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System construction of a four-side primary permanent-magnet linear motor drive mechanical press

Jintao LIANG, Zhengfeng MING, Peida LI

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第15卷第4期页码 600-609 doi: 10.1007/s11465-020-0597-z

摘要： A primary permanent-magnet linear motor (PPMLM) has a robust secondary structure and high force density and is appropriate for direct-drive mechanical press. The structure of a four-side PPMLM drive press is presented based on our previous research. The entire press control system is constructed to realize various flexible forming processes. The control system scheme is determined in accordance with the mathematical model of PPMLM, and active disturbance rejection control is implemented in the servo controller. Field-circuit coupling simulation is applied to estimate the system’s performance. Then, a press prototype with 6 kN nominal force is fabricated, and the hardware platform of the control system is constructed for experimental study. Punch strokes with 0.06 m displacement are implemented at trapezoidal speeds of 0.1 and 0.2 m/s; the dynamic position tracking errors are less than 0.45 and 0.82 mm, respectively. Afterward, continuous reciprocating strokes are performed, and the positioning errors at the bottom dead center are less than 0.015 mm. Complex pulse trajectories are also achieved. The proposed PPMLM drive press exhibits a fast dynamic response and favorable tracking precision and is suitable for various forming processes.

关键词： mechanical press direct drive primary permanent-magnet linear motor (PPMLM) servo system active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) prototype experiment

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升沉补偿装置虚拟样机协同设计及仿真分析

吕东,何将三,刘少军,黄锴

《中国工程科学》 2004年第6卷第3期页码 36-40

摘要：

采用参数并行集成化方法设计深海采矿升沉补偿装置的虚拟样机，并进行了虚拟试验仿真研究，探讨协同设计在复杂机电系统中的具体应用，为深海开采系统总体设计提供设计理论参考。

关键词：升沉补偿虚拟样机协同设计仿真

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三峡船闸完建期156 m蓄水位4级运行方式原型调试研究

胡亚安,张瑞凯,李云

《中国工程科学》 2009年第11卷第9期页码 52-58

摘要：

从水力学条件论证了船闸采用4级运行方案的可行性。通过原型调试，采取中间及阐首优化后的输水方式运行，基本消除了闸室第一分流口空化，船闸在超过设计的45.2 m水头下工作条件较好，在三峡船闸完建期156 m蓄水位船闸采用4级运行方式具优越性。

关键词：三峡船闸运行方式原型调试

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综论大坝原型反分析及其应用

顾冲时,吴中如

《中国工程科学》 2001年第3卷第8期页码 76-81

摘要：

在研究大坝原型反分析及其应用研究现状的基础上，提出了反分析中急待解决的热点问题，并对这些热点问题进行了探讨，介绍了一些新的分析理论和方法。

关键词：大坝原型反分析应用

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On the Innovation, Design, Construction, and Experiments of OMEGA-Based SSPS Prototype: The Sun Chasing Article

Baoyan Duan, Yiqun Zhang, Guangda Chen, Ze Zhao, Jianwei Mi, Xun Li, Lin Yang, Xi Li

《工程（英文）》 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.11.007

摘要：

This study systematically introduces the development of the world's first full-link and full-system ground demonstration and verification system for the OMEGA space solar power satellite (SSPS). First, the OMEGA 2.0 innovation design was proposed. Second, field-coupling theoretical models of sunlight concentration, photoelectric conversion, and transmitting antennas were established, and a systematic optimization design method was proposed. Third, a beam waveform optimization methodology considering both a high beam collection efficiency and a circular stepped beam shape was proposed. Fourth, a control strategy was developed to control the condenser pointing toward the sun while maintaining the transmitting antenna toward the rectenna. Fifth, a high-efficiency heat radiator design method based on bionics and topology optimization was proposed. Sixth, a method for improving the rectenna array’s reception, rectification, and direct current (DC) power synthesis efficiencies is presented. Seventh, high-precision measurement technology for high-accuracy beam-pointing control was developed. Eighth, a smart mechanical structure was designed and developed. Finally, the developed SSPS ground demonstration and verification system has the capacity for sun tracking, a high concentration ratio, photoelectric conversion, microwave conversion and emission, microwave reception, and rectification, and thus satisfactory results were obtained.

关键词： OMEGA-SSPS Full-link and full-system Beam collection efficiency Circular stepped beam shape Smart structure Field coupling theoretical model Beam pointing control

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Biological chip technology to quickly batch select optimum cryopreservation procedure

YU Lina, LIU Jing, ZHOU Yixin, HUA Zezhao

《能源前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第3期页码 316-321 doi: 10.1007/s11708-007-0046-2

摘要： In the practices of cryobiology, selection of an optimum freeze/thawing program and an idealistic cryoprotective agent often requires rather tedious, time consuming and repetitive tests. Integrating the functions of sample preparation and viability detection, the concept of biochip technology was introduced to the field of cryopreservation, aiming at quickly finding an optimum freezing and thawing program. Prototype devices were fabricated and corresponding experimental tests were performed. It was shown that microflow-channel chip could not offer a high quality solution distribution. As an alternative, the spot-dropping chip proved to be an excellent way to load the sample quickly and reliably. Infrared thermal mapping on such a chip showed that it had a rather uniform heat transfer boundary. Applying the spot-dropping chip combined with the thermoelectric cooling device, the final output of cryopreservation of multiple samples was tested, and the optimal freeze/thawing program as well as the potentially best concentration of the cryoprotective agent was found by analyzing the results. Further, application of this technique to measure the thermo-physical properties of the cryo-protective agent was also investigated. The study demonstrated that a biochip with integrated automatic loading and inspection units opens the possibility of a massive optimization of the complex cryopreservation program in a quicker and more economical way.

关键词： idealistic cryoprotective concentration Prototype technology alternative

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Design and experiment of a novel pneumatic soft arm based on a deployable origami exoskeleton

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第18卷第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-023-0770-2

摘要： Soft arms have shown great application potential because of their flexibility and compliance in unstructured environments. However, soft arms made from soft materials exhibit limited cargo-loading capacity, which restricts their ability to manipulate objects. In this research, a novel soft arm was developed by coupling a rigid origami exoskeleton with soft airbags. The joint module of the soft arm was composed of a deployable origami exoskeleton and three soft airbags. The motion and load performance of the soft arm of the eight-joint module was tested. The developed soft arm withstood at least 5 kg of load during extension, contraction, and bending motions; exhibited bistable characteristics in both fully contracted and fully extended states; and achieved a bending angle of more than 240° and a contraction ratio of more than 300%. In addition, the high extension, contraction, bending, and torsional stiffnesses of the soft arm were experimentally demonstrated. A kinematic-based trajectory planning of the soft arm was performed to evaluate its error in repetitive motion. This work will provide new design ideas and methods for flexible manipulation applications of soft arms.

关键词： pneumatic soft arm soft airbag deployable origami exoskeleton bistable characteristics cargo-loading capacity

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Atmospheric heterogeneous reaction of chlorobenzene on mineral -FeO particulates: a chamber experiment

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第11期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1734-9

摘要：

● Photochemical conversion of chlorobenzene (CB) on α-Fe₂O₃ was evaluated.

关键词： Photochemical conversion Chlorobenzene α-Fe₂O₃ PCDD/Fs Mineral particulate

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Biaxial tensile-compressive experiment of concrete at high temperatures

SONG Yupu, ZHANG Zhong, QING Likun, YU Changjiang

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第1期页码 94-98 doi: 10.1007/s11709-007-0009-z

摘要： Biaxial tension-compression experiments of concrete of five stress ratios at high temperatures were carried out using the large static-dynamic triaxial test system in the State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Dalian University of Technology. The stress ratios s1/s3 are 0, 0.1, 0.25, 0.50, and 0.75. The temperatures are 20vH, 200vH, 300vH, 500vH, 600vH. The mechanical behavior of concrete under biaxial tension-compression at high temperatures is analyzed. It is found that both the tensile strength and strain diminished with the increase in temperature under each stress ratio. Based on the test results, the relationship between tensile strengths and stress ratios and temperature is proposed. In addition, the failure criterion of concrete under biaxial stress state of tension-compression at high temperatures is established.

关键词： increase Offshore Engineering temperature relationship addition

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Numerical simulation and experiment research of radiation performance in a dish solar collector system

Yong SHUAI, Xinlin XIA, Heping TAN

《能源前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第4期页码 488-495 doi: 10.1007/s11708-010-0007-z

摘要： The Monte Carlo ray-tracing method is applied and coupled with optical properties to predict the radiation performance of solar concentrator/cavity receiver systems. Several different cavity geometries are compared on the radiation performance. A flux density distribution measurement system for dish parabolic concentrators is developed. The contours of the flux distribution for target placements at different distances from the dish vertex of a solar concentrator are taken by using an indirect method with a Lambert and a charge coupled device (CCD) camera. Further, the measured flux distributions are compared with a Monte Carlo-predicted distribution. The results can be a valuable reference for the design and assemblage of the solar collector system.

关键词： Monte Carlo method solar energy radiation performance cavity receiver

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A prototype online database-enabled design framework for wind analysis/design of low-rise buildings

Dae Kun KWON,Ahsan KAREEM,Deepak KUMAR,Yukio TAMURA

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第1期页码 121-130 doi: 10.1007/s11709-015-0329-3

摘要： This study presents a development of an advanced cyberbased database-enabled design module for low-rise buildings (DEDM-LR) which provides estimation of the wind-induced responses for main wind force resisting frames by making direct use of pressure time histories measured at a large number of pressure taps over a suite of building models. These responses may be considered in lieu of code-specified load effects in which the overall accuracy may be influenced by the inherent simplifications in codes. In addition, this new automated approach is particularly attractive and advantageous as it allows a web-based online analysis/design via intuitive user-friendly interfaces for both the input and output in terms of familiar web-style forms that are nowadays very common in most of web-based services. Presently, the DEDM-LR hosts an aerodynamic database developed by the Tokyo Polytechnic University (TPU), Japan for a variety of building configurations like flat, gable, and hip roofs under suburban terrain flow condition with immediate application to other databases. The paper shows the efficacy and validity of the DEDM-LR by walking through its details and examples on selected gable-roofed buildings. The architecture of DEDM-LR platform offers the ability to pool resources by hosting other databases that may become available in the near future.

关键词： wind loads low-rise building pressure measurement aerodynamics building design structural response building codes information technology (IT)

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Centrifuge experiment and numerical analysis of an air-backed plate subjected to underwater shock loading

Zhijie HUANG, Xiaodan REN, Zuyu CHEN, Daosheng LING

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第6期页码 1350-1362 doi: 10.1007/s11709-019-0559-x

摘要： In this study, systematic centrifuge experiments and numerical studies are conducted to investigate the effect of shock loads due to an underwater explosion on the dynamic responses of an air-backed steel plate. Numerical simulations with three different models of pressure time history generated by underwater explosion were carried out. The first model of pressure time history was measured in test. The second model to predict the time history of shock wave pressure from an underwater explosion was created by Cole in 1948. Coefficients of Cole’s formulas are determined experimentally. The third model was developed by Zamyshlyaev and Yakovlev in 1973. All of them are implemented into the numerical model to calculate the shock responses of the plate. Simulated peak strains obtained from the three models are compared with the experimental results, yielding average relative differences of 21.39%, 45.73%, and 13.92%, respectively. The Russell error technique is used to quantitatively analyze the correlation between the numerical and experimental results. Quantitative analysis shows that the simulated strains for most measurement points on the steel plate are acceptable. By changing the scaled distances, different shock impulses were obtained and exerted on the steel plate. Systematic numerical studies are performed to investigate the effect of the accumulated shock impulse on the peak strains. The numerical and experimental results suggest that the peak strains are strongly dependent on the accumulated shock impulse.

关键词： underwater explosion centrifuge experiment shock load dynamic response accumulated shock impulse

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Parameter for judging reactivity of coal and coke

HE Hongzhou, LUO Zhongyang, CEN Kefa

《能源前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第3期页码 354-358 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0052-z

摘要： To eliminate the judgment error of char reactivity arising from different carbon content of samples, a new parameter called specific maximum weight loss rate was introduced. It is defined as the quotient of the maximum weight loss rate in non-isothermal thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) experiment to the carbon content of the corresponding sample. The reactivity of different kinds of coal, the reactivity of the same coal type with different lithotype, and the reactivity of the char with different carbon conversion rates were checked by using the specific maximum weight loss rate, and the results were analyzed and compared with those obtained by using other criteria. The results show that the specific maximum weight loss rate can be used as a commonality parameter to evaluate and distinguish the reactivity of different coal and char. The heating rate selected in TGA experiment has no effect on the judgment.

关键词： thermogravimetric analysis specific maximum different lithotype experiment TGA experiment

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How did Archimedes discover the law of buoyancy by experiment?

Hidetaka KUROKI

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第11卷第1期页码 26-32 doi: 10.1007/s11465-016-0368-z

摘要：

After Archimedes and Vitruvius era, for more than 2000 years, it has been believed that the displaced water measurement of golden crown is impossible, and at his Eureka moment, Archimedes discovered the law of buoyancy (Proposition 7 of his principles) and proved the theft of a goldsmith by weighing the golden crown in water.

A previous study showed that a small amount of displaced water was able to be measured with enough accuracy by the introduced method. Archimedes measured the weight of displaced water. He did not find the law of buoyancy but rather specific gravity of things at the moment.

After which, Archimedes continued to measure the specific gravity of various solids and fluids. Through these measurements, he reached the discovery of the law of buoyancy directly by experiment. In this paper, the process to the discovery of Archimedes’ principle (Proposition 5) is presented.

关键词： Archimedes’ principle buoyancy specific gravity Eureka Vitruvius displaced water balance floating body

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水下盾构法铁路隧道管片衬砌结构的原型加载试验研究

何川,封坤,晏启祥,齐春

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第10期页码 65-72

摘要：

针对我国第一条水下铁路盾构法隧道——狮子洋隧道，采用“多功能盾构隧道结构体试验系统”装置原型管片衬砌结构，在通缝和错缝不同的拼装方式下进行了原型结构加载试验，对其结构力学性能进行深入探讨。试验结果表明，不同水压条件下管片衬砌结构力学特征不同，尤其是当结构开裂后，高水压对于结构内力与形变的发展有明显的减缓作用。狮子洋隧道采用的榫式接头管片结构在通缝与错缝拼装下的破坏特征不同，通缝拼装时结构在高水压条件下纵缝附近区域易发生局部剪切破坏，该研究成果可为同类工程的设计提供有价值的参考。

关键词：水下盾构法铁路隧道管片衬砌结构原型试验榫式接头破坏特征